Turbulent Flame Speed and Flame Characteristics of Lean Premixed H₂-CH₄ Flames at Moderate Pressure Levels

Carbon dioxide emissions in gas turbine power generation can be reduced by adding an increasing amount of hydrogen to the existing natural gas-fueled combustion systems. To enable safe operation, more insight on how H₂ addition affects turbulent flame speed and other important flame characteristics is needed. In this work, the investigation of hydrogen addition effects on certain flame properties has been carried out in a high-pressure axial-dump combustor at gas turbine relevant conditions. OH planar laser induced fluorescence (PLIF) was applied to retrieve flame front contours and turbulent flame speed. The results show that as the concentration of hydrogen in the fuel mixture increases, turbulent flame speed and flame characteristics change drastically. Two main regimes can be identified: From 0 to 50% vol. Hydrogen, the turbulent flame speed increases weakly in an almost linear fashion, while from 50% vol. to 100% vol. the trend sharply changes and the higher reactivity of hydrogen, combined with a lower Lewis number, cause thermal-diffusive instability and preferential diffusion effects to become increasingly strong, leading to very high burning rates. The presented results help to understand and to define the relevant modifications that are necessary to successfully operate gas turbine combustor systems with high H₂ content fuels.