Effect of Uncertainties in Physical Properties on Entropy Generation Between Two Rotating Cylinders With Nanofluids

In this paper, the effects of uncertainties in physical properties on predicting entropy generation for a steady laminar flow of Al₂O₃–ethylene glycol nanofluid (⁠$0≤φ≤6 %)$ between two concentric rotating cylinders are investigated. For this purpose, six different models by combining of three relations for thermal conductivity (Bruggeman, Hamilton–Crosser, and Yu–Choi) and two relations for dynamic viscosity (Brinkman and Maiga et al.) are applied. The governing equations with reasonable assumptions in cylindrical coordinates are simplified and solved to obtain analytical expressions for average entropy generation $(NS)ave$ and average Bejan number $(Be)ave$⁠. The results show that, when the contribution of heat transfer to entropy generation for the base fluid is dominant, a critical radius ratio $(ΠC)$ can be determined at which all six models predict the reduction in entropy generation with increases of volume fraction of nanoparticles. It is also found that, when the contribution of viscous effects to entropy generation is adequately high for the base fluid (⁠$φ=0$⁠), all models predict the increase of entropy generation with increases of particle loading.