Of various tissues being fabricated using bioprinting, three-dimensional (3D) soft tubular structures have often been the focus since they address the need for printable vasculature throughout a thick tissue and offer potential as perfusable platforms for biological studies. Drop-on-demand inkjetting has been favored as an effective technique to print such 3D soft tubular structures from various hydrogel bioinks. During the buoyancy-enabled inkjet fabrication of hydrogel-based soft tubular structures, they remain submerged in a solution, which crosslinks the printed structures and provides a supporting buoyant force. However, because of the low stiffness of the structures, the structural deformation of printed tubes poses a significant challenge to the process effectiveness and efficiency. To overcome this structural deformation during buoyancy-enabled inkjet printing, predictive compensation approaches are developed to incorporate deformation allowance into the designed shape. Circumferential deformation is addressed by a four-zone approach, which includes base, circular, vertical, and spanning zones for the determination of a designed cross section or compensated printing path. Axial deformation is addressed by the modification of the proposed circumferential compensation based on the distance of a given cross section to the junction of a branching tube. These approaches are found to enable the successful fabrication of straight and branching alginate tubular structures with nearly ideal geometry, providing a good foundation for the wide implementation of the buoyancy-enabled inkjetting technique. While inkjetting is studied herein as a model bioprinting process, the resulting knowledge also applies to other buoyancy-enabled bioprinting techniques.
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January 2018
Research-Article
Deformation Compensation During Buoyancy-Enabled Inkjet Printing of Three-Dimensional Soft Tubular Structures
Kyle Christensen,
Kyle Christensen
Department of Mechanical
and Aerospace Engineering,
University of Florida,
Gainesville, FL 32611
and Aerospace Engineering,
University of Florida,
Gainesville, FL 32611
Search for other works by this author on:
Zhengyi Zhang,
Zhengyi Zhang
School of Naval Architecture
and Ocean Engineering,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology,
Wuhan 430074, China
and Ocean Engineering,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology,
Wuhan 430074, China
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Changxue Xu,
Changxue Xu
Department of Industrial, Manufacturing,
and Systems Engineering,
Texas Tech University,
Lubbock, TX 79409
and Systems Engineering,
Texas Tech University,
Lubbock, TX 79409
Search for other works by this author on:
Yong Huang
Yong Huang
Department of Mechanical
and Aerospace Engineering,
University of Florida,
Gainesville, FL 32611;
and Aerospace Engineering,
University of Florida,
Gainesville, FL 32611;
Department of Biomedical Engineering,
University of Florida,
Gainesville, FL 32611
e-mail: yongh@ufl.edu
University of Florida,
Gainesville, FL 32611
e-mail: yongh@ufl.edu
Search for other works by this author on:
Kyle Christensen
Department of Mechanical
and Aerospace Engineering,
University of Florida,
Gainesville, FL 32611
and Aerospace Engineering,
University of Florida,
Gainesville, FL 32611
Zhengyi Zhang
School of Naval Architecture
and Ocean Engineering,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology,
Wuhan 430074, China
and Ocean Engineering,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology,
Wuhan 430074, China
Changxue Xu
Department of Industrial, Manufacturing,
and Systems Engineering,
Texas Tech University,
Lubbock, TX 79409
and Systems Engineering,
Texas Tech University,
Lubbock, TX 79409
Yong Huang
Department of Mechanical
and Aerospace Engineering,
University of Florida,
Gainesville, FL 32611;
and Aerospace Engineering,
University of Florida,
Gainesville, FL 32611;
Department of Biomedical Engineering,
University of Florida,
Gainesville, FL 32611
e-mail: yongh@ufl.edu
University of Florida,
Gainesville, FL 32611
e-mail: yongh@ufl.edu
1Corresponding author.
Manuscript received December 28, 2016; final manuscript received August 31, 2017; published online November 17, 2017. Assoc. Editor: Sam Anand.
J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. Jan 2018, 140(1): 011011 (10 pages)
Published Online: November 17, 2017
Article history
Received:
December 28, 2016
Revised:
August 31, 2017
Citation
Christensen, K., Zhang, Z., Xu, C., and Huang, Y. (November 17, 2017). "Deformation Compensation During Buoyancy-Enabled Inkjet Printing of Three-Dimensional Soft Tubular Structures." ASME. J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. January 2018; 140(1): 011011. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4037996
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