... design engineering electric drives shape memory effects springs (mechanical) spring design shape memory alloys wave spring Shape memory alloys (SMAs) can be exploited successfully to build solid-state actuators of reduced complexity and lower weight than conventional competitors. Many...

...Igor Spinella; Eugenio Dragoni; Francesco Stortiero Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are used in many applications as actuators. The main drawbacks that limit the use of the SMAs in the field of mechanical actuation are the low mechanical bandwidth (up to a few Hertzs) and the unsatisfactory stroke...